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Graphically Enhanced Table
Problem count Categories and subcategories of dyeing problems Causes
A Unlevelness Due to bleaching and dyeing conditions
01 Ending problems   Poor dyes dispersion.
  Unsuitable dye combination.
  Wrong dyeing method.
02 Cloudy dyeing   Inadequate pretreatment (in bleaching).
  Irregular winding.
  Wrong loading of robbins (overload - tight winding).
  Improper liquor circulation.
  Improper liquor to material ratio.
  Foaming during dyeing.
  Wrong dyeing method.
03 Pale areas   Improper desizing and bleaching.
  Salt deposition during bleaching.
 Imbalance of loaded material.
B Unlevelness Due to material
04 Barriness   Variations in temperature during fibre manufacturing (texturing).
  Variations in density of the material.
C Unlevelness Due to other reasons
05 Skitterness   Inadequate pretreatment (e.g., desizing).
  Different fibres.
  Poor penetration.
  Poor solidity of fibre blends.
  Tension during weaving, knitting, and mercerising.
06 Listing   Different setting temp.
  Tension during weaving, knitting, mercerising and improper rolling of selvedges.
07 Pale areas after dyeing   Due to vapours of acid, chlorite, formaldehyde.
D Reproducibility Due to dyes, dyeing method, and finishing
08 Variation of shade   Dyes unstabilities.
  Dyes sensitivities to metal ions.
  Use of hard water.
  Different chemical nature combination.
  Different liquor ratio.
  Unsuitable dye combination.
09 Difference in shade (concentration)   Different dye pick-up.
  Different nature of dyes.
  Different dyeing program.
  Different saturation point.
10 Precipitates in the dye bath   Different chemical nature.
  Different solubility of dye.
  Stability at different temp.
E Fastness properties
11 Poor light fastness, wet & rub fastness   Different saturation of dyeing and printing of dyes.
  Catalytic fading due to unsuitable dye combination.
  Different chemical properties of dyes.
  Thermal migration due to finishing.
  Different chemical nature of finishing agent.
F Spots / marks Due to material
12 Singeing marks   As a result of singeing before dyeing fibre tips exhibit higher affinity for dyes.
13 Change of shade   Dye is sensitive to metal ions.
  Difference in acidity / alkalinity.
  Ionic nature of finishing chemicals.
14 Specks   Due to salt deposition.
G Appearances of the Goods
15 Dimensional stability (shrinkage)   Inadequate setting of fibre.
  Lengthwise distortion during mercerising and dyeing.
  Relaxation during bleaching.
16 Creasing   During scouring and heat setting.
  Due to tight woven fabric.
  Uneven batching of fabric.
  Mechanical friction.
17 More effects   Inadequate setting and batching.
18 Pilling (staple fibres)   Inconsistent dimensional stability due to shrinkage.
H Other Problems
19 Dark or pale selvedges   One sided liquor feed.
  Alkali residues in the goods.
  Uneven temperature in machine.
20 Spots   Due to condensation drops.
  Foam spots due to padding.
  Alkali residues in the goods.
21 Ending   Dye substantivity.
  Dye sedimentation.
  Poor penetration.
  Migration.